The People’s Republic of China remains the United States’ chief adversary in space. In his October 2022 speech at the 20th Party Congress, Chinese President Xi Jinping highlighted the innovation of China’s space endeavors in recent years, noting that “we have witnessed major successes on multiple fronts, including human spaceflight, lunar and Martian exploration, deep sea and deep Earth probes, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, new energy technology, airliner manufacturing, and biomedicine. China has joined the ranks of the world’s innovators.” The closing of 2022 marked the…
