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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

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Teaching students about photonics to build up...

October 20, 2023

In 2019, Kevin McComber ’05, PhD ’11 was at MIT working on integrated photonics — chip-based devices that send and receive signals using light — and set out to hire someone to design photonic chips. The experience made him realize just how little expertise the U.S. workforce has in integrated photonics design, a problem that’s part of a broader shortage of workers in semiconductor manufacturing. The insight would change the trajectory of McComber’s career. Despite having no background in...

Learning how to learn

October 19, 2023

Suppose you need to be on today’s only ferry to Martha’s Vineyard, which leaves at 2 p.m. It takes about 30 minutes (on average) to drive from where you are to the terminal. What time should you leave? This is one of many common real-life examples used by Richard “Dick” Larson, a post-tenure professor in the MIT Institute for Data, Systems, and Society (IDSS), to explore exemplary problem-solving in his new book “Model Thinking for Everyday Life: How to...

Soft optical fibers block pain while moving...

October 19, 2023

Scientists have a new tool to precisely illuminate the roots of nerve pain. Engineers at MIT have developed soft and implantable fibers that can deliver light to major nerves through the body. When these nerves are genetically manipulated to respond to light, the fibers can send pulses of light to the nerves to inhibit pain. The optical fibers are flexible and stretch with the body. The new fibers are meant as an experimental tool that can be used by...

To excel at engineering design, generative AI...

October 19, 2023

ChatGPT and other deep generative models are proving to be uncanny mimics. These AI supermodels can churn out poems, finish symphonies, and create new videos and images by automatically learning from millions of examples of previous works. These enormously powerful and versatile tools excel at generating new content that resembles everything they’ve seen before. But as MIT engineers say in a new study, similarity isn’t enough if you want to truly innovate in engineering tasks. “Deep generative models (DGMs)...

A new way to integrate data with...

October 18, 2023

To get a sense of what StructCode is all about, says Mustafa Doğa Doğan, think of Superman. Not the “faster than a speeding bullet” and “more powerful than a locomotive” version, but a Superman, or Superwoman, who sees the world differently from ordinary mortals — someone who can look around a room and glean all kinds of information about ordinary objects that is not apparent to people with less penetrating faculties. That, in a nutshell, is “the high-level idea...

Institute Professor Daron Acemoglu Wins A.SK Social...

October 18, 2023

Daron Acemoglu, Institute Professor and the Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics in MIT’s School of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, is the 2023 recipient of the WZB Berlin Social Science Center’s A.SK Social Science Award, one of the most highly endowed international awards in the social sciences. Acemoglu received the award for “his vastly influential work on, among others, the decisive role of institutions in capitalist economies, on the forces of states and societies which must negotiate a...

Edward Crawley: A career of education, service,...

October 17, 2023

Arriving as an undergraduate in the 1970s, working through his master’s and doctoral degrees, and then becoming tenured faculty member, Professor Edward Crawley has spent his entire career at MIT. Crawley ’76, MS ’78, ScD ’81, Ford Professor of Engineering in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AeroAstro) and head of the Systems Architecture group, joined the MIT faculty in 1980. His research focuses on the architecture, design, and decision support for complex technical systems. Over the summer, Crawley...

Germicidal UV lights could be producing indoor...

October 17, 2023

Many efforts to reduce transmission of diseases like Covid-19 and the flu have focused on measures such as masking and isolation, but another useful approach is reducing the load of airborne pathogens through filtration or germicidal ultraviolet light. Conventional UV sources can be harmful to eyes and skin, but newer sources that emit at a different wavelength, 222 nanometers, are considered safe. However, new research from MIT shows that these UV lights can produce potentially harmful compounds in indoor...

New technique helps robots pack objects into...

October 17, 2023

Anyone who has ever tried to pack a family-sized amount of luggage into a sedan-sized trunk knows this is a hard problem. Robots struggle with dense packing tasks, too. For the robot, solving the packing problem involves satisfying many constraints, such as stacking luggage so suitcases don’t topple out of the trunk, heavy objects aren’t placed on top of lighter ones, and collisions between the robotic arm and the car’s bumper are avoided. Some traditional methods tackle this problem...

Designing a revolution

October 16, 2023

It is widely recognized that the period in the early 1970s in which Salvador Allende was president of Chile was a moment of political innovation, when people thought they could bring about socialist transformation peacefully and within existing democratic institutions. “People thought that this would be a political third way,” says Eden Medina, an associate professor in MIT’s Program in Society, Technology, and Society. Ultimately, a military coup brought a premature end to Chilean democracy and resulted in Allende’s...

A method to interpret AI might not...

October 16, 2023

As autonomous systems and artificial intelligence become increasingly common in daily life, new methods are emerging to help humans check that these systems are behaving as expected. One method, called formal specifications, uses mathematical formulas that can be translated into natural-language expressions. Some researchers claim that this method can be used to spell out decisions an AI will make in a way that is interpretable to humans. MIT Lincoln Laboratory researchers wanted to check such claims of interpretability. Their...

Study: Deep neural networks don’t see the...

October 16, 2023

Human sensory systems are very good at recognizing objects that we see or words that we hear, even if the object is upside down or the word is spoken by a voice we’ve never heard. Computational models known as deep neural networks can be trained to do the same thing, correctly identifying an image of a dog regardless of what color its fur is, or a word regardless of the pitch of the speaker’s voice. However, a new study...

MIT design would harness 40 percent of...

October 16, 2023

MIT engineers aim to produce totally green, carbon-free hydrogen fuel with a new, train-like system of reactors that is driven solely by the sun. In a study appearing today in Solar Energy Journal, the engineers lay out the conceptual design for a system that can efficiently produce “solar thermochemical hydrogen.” The system harnesses the sun’s heat to directly split water and generate hydrogen — a clean fuel that can power long-distance trucks, ships, and planes, while in the process...

At MIT, used books help enable public...

October 13, 2023

On a hot September day, members of the MIT community and neighbors in Cambridge, Massachusetts, marked the beginning of the academic year by attending a used book sale in the Kendall/MIT Open Space. Selections ranged from children’s books to coffee-table showpieces, and everything in between. With multiple tables filled to the brim with donated books, there were picks to fill any bookshelf, office, or bedside table. A fan favorite for many years, the book sale raised $1,533 to benefit...

Jesse Kroll recognized for excellence in postdoctoral...

October 13, 2023

The MIT Postdoctoral Association (PDA) has dedicated its second annual Award for Excellence in Postdoctoral Mentoring to Jesse Kroll. Professor of civil and environmental engineering, professor of chemical engineering, and director of the Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Kroll was nominated by current and former postdocs for his commitment to fostering an inclusive environment and supporting postdocs’ advancement in both research and professional development. “The award exists to recognize the most outstanding mentors within the MIT faculty,” says Jonathan Cottet,...

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