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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

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New gene regulation model provides insight into...

September 8, 2020

In every cell, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) help tune gene expression and control biological processes by binding to RNA sequences. Researchers often assume that individual RBPs latch tightly to just one RNA sequence. For instance, an essential family of RBPs, the Rbfox family, was thought to bind one particular RNA sequence alone. However, it’s becoming increasingly clear that this idea greatly oversimplifies Rbfox’s vital role in development. Members of the Rbfox family are among the best-studied RBPs and have been...

Sarah Williams: Applying a data-driven approach to...

September 8, 2020

Lacking a strong public transit system, residents of Nairobi, Kenya, often get around the city using “matatus” — group taxis following familiar routes. This informal method of transportation is essential to people’s lives: About 3.5 million people in Nairobi regularly use matatus. Some years ago, around 2012, Sarah Williams became interested in mapping Nairobi’s matatus. Now an associate professor in MIT’s Department of Urban Studies and Planning (DUSP), she helped develop an app that collected data from the vehicles...

Anti-racism in technology and policy design

September 4, 2020

When Kate Turner was an undergraduate at the University of Notre Dame, she kept hearing the same message. “As a Black woman, people kept telling me, ‘we need more Black women in STEM!’” recalls Turner. The message had some influence on her choice of major — but then, so did a global recession. And while STEM fields might have seemed to offer more stable career prospects, Turner’s chemical engineering path did not at first inspire. It took seeing the...

Featured video: Lifeblood of the MIT community

September 4, 2020

Play video When MIT moved many of its operations online last March in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, thousands of employees rose to the challenge of remote work. Meanwhile, hundreds of others showed up each day to keep the campus running smoothly and safely. In a video honoring staff members across the Institute, MIT President L. Rafael Reif says: “As we begin this most unusual academic year, we say to the people of MIT: thank you. For the long...

3 Questions: Thomas Levenson on a finance...

September 4, 2020

The subprime mortgage-bond meltdown. The dot-com boom. The Enron fiasco. The last couple of decades have seen their share of finance absurdities and scandals, but such episodes are hardly new. Indeed the most important of them all may be the South Sea Bubble, in which Britain’s South Sea Company floated shares based on the promise of future trade while assuming Britain’s national debt, but then collapsed in 1720, ruining many investors. And yet, as MIT Professor Thomas Levenson explains...

Helping companies prioritize their cybersecurity investments

September 3, 2020

One reason that cyberattacks have continued to grow in recent years is that we never actually learn all that much about how they happen. Companies fear that reporting attacks will tarnish their public image, and even those who do report them don’t share many details because they worry that their competitors will gain insight into their security practices. “It’s really a nice gift that we’ve given to cyber-criminals,” says Taylor Reynolds, technology policy director at MIT’s Internet Policy Research...

A new way to make bacteria more...

September 3, 2020

Researchers from the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), MIT’s research enterprise in Singapore, have discovered a new way to reverse antibiotic resistance in some bacteria using hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Growing antimicrobial resistance is a major threat for the world with a projected 10 million deaths each year by 2050 if no action is taken. The World Health Organization also warns that by 2030, drug-resistant diseases could force up to 24 million people into extreme poverty and cause...

Laser-focused: Four MIT students foster new insights...

September 3, 2020

“It’s like a secret lab, in a way,” says rising junior Hugo Ramirez, “a secret hideout for mad geniuses.” Tucked away a few blocks down Albany Street, the Plasma Science and Fusion Center’s (PSFC) Nabisco Laboratory might be off the beaten campus path, but it is no secret. A former cookie warehouse, it has been home for decades to fusion energy and astrophysical experiments. Take a left turn down the main corridor to find the High-Energy-Density Physics (HEDP) laboratory,...

“The Emerald Tutu” wins NSF grant for...

September 3, 2020

The Emerald Tutu began as a simple idea for a new kind of coastal protection system to address flood risk in Boston — and as a commentary on the urban history of the city. “The spirit of the Emerald Tutu is to re-imagine what public infrastructure can do for citizens,” says Gabriel Cira ’08, CEO of The Emerald Tutu, Inc. “To address the true danger of climate change in Boston, we wanted to focus on making infrastructure green, inhabitable,...

MIT hosts seven distinguished MLK Professors and...

September 2, 2020

In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, MIT has been charged with reimagining its campus, classes, and programs, including the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (MLK) Visiting Professors and Scholars Program (VPSP). Founded in 1990, MLK VPSP honors the life and legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr. by increasing the presence of and recognizing the contributions of scholars from underrepresented groups at MIT. MLK Visiting Professors and Scholars enhance their scholarship through intellectual engagement with the MIT community and enrich...

Scientists discover new rules about “runaway” transcription

September 2, 2020

On the evolutionary tree, humans diverged from yeast roughly 1 billion years ago. By comparison, two seemingly similar species of bacteria, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, have been evolving apart for roughly twice as long. In other words, walking, talking bipeds are closer on the tree of life to single-celled fungi than these two bacteria are to one another. In fact, it’s becoming increasingly clear that what is true of one bacterial type may not be true of another...

Lessons from the Clean Air Car Race...

September 2, 2020

The year 1970 was a milestone for efforts to combat air pollution. On April 22, the first Earth Day was celebrated. The 1970 Clean Air Act was the first policy to establish federal regulations on car and industry emissions. In July, President Richard M. Nixon announced his plan to establish the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by the end of the year. In the midst of this progress, a team of MIT students and faculty, with assistance from Caltech,...

An unexpected origin story for a lopsided...

September 2, 2020

A lopsided merger of two black holes may have an oddball origin story, according to a new study by researchers at MIT and elsewhere. The merger was first detected on April 12, 2019 as a gravitational wave that arrived at the detectors of both LIGO (the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory), and its Italian counterpart, Virgo. Scientists labeled the signal as GW190412 and determined that it emanated from a clash between two David-and-Goliath black holes, one three times more massive...

A “bang” in LIGO and Virgo detectors...

September 2, 2020

For all its vast emptiness, the universe is humming with activity in the form of gravitational waves. Produced by extreme astrophysical phenomena, these reverberations ripple forth and shake the fabric of space-time, like the clang of a cosmic bell. Now researchers have detected a signal from what may be the most massive black hole merger yet observed in gravitational waves. The product of the merger is the first clear detection of an “intermediate-mass” black hole, with a mass between...

Listening to immigrant and indigenous Pacific Islander...

September 2, 2020

After Kevin Lujan Lee came out to his parents, he found another family in Improving Dreams, Equality, Access, and Success (IDEAS), an undocumented student advocacy and support group at the University of California at Los Angeles. After joining the organization to support his undocumented partner at the time, he fell in love with the group and community around it, and became involved in organizing alongside undocumented youth. When Lee found himself struggling to make ends meet upon graduation, it...

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