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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

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With campus as a test bed, climate...

December 18, 2020

In 2015, MIT set a goal to reduce its annual greenhouse gas emissions by a minimum of 32 percent by the year 2030. Five years later, the Institute has reduced emissions by 24 percent, remaining on track to meet its goal over the next several years. These most recent reduction data mark a 6 percent decrease — nearly 11,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions (MTCO2e) — from fiscal year 2019 to fiscal year 2020. This year-over-year reduction was...

On planetary change and human health

December 18, 2020

When anthropologist Amy Moran-Thomas first went to Belize to begin ethnographic research in 2008, she planned to chronicle human health concerns, focusing on diabetes. Then she learned that local diets contributing to such chronic conditions were changing, in part due to losses in ocean food webs, and kept hearing stories about how local plants were in trouble. “Listening and trying to learn from what people were saying, over the years I came to see human health and planetary health...

A better model for business insurance

December 18, 2020

These days businesses have enough to worry about without thinking about their insurance. Unfortunately, tasks like managing insurance claims and completing annual renewals require a lot of thinking. The startup Newfront Insurance is seeking to modernize the industry with digital tools that simplify insurance processes for brokers and businesses. The company’s platform automates tedious administrative processes for brokers while streamlining a number of repetitive tasks that have traditionally taken up customers’ time and headspace. “More than half of a...

To boost emissions reductions from electric vehicles,...

December 17, 2020

Transportation-related emissions are increasing globally. Currently, light-duty vehicles — namely passenger cars, such as sedans, SUVs, or minivans — contribute about 20 percent of the net greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. But studies have shown that switching out your conventional gas-guzzling car for a vehicle powered by electricity can make a significant dent in reducing these emissions. A recent study published in Environmental Science and Technology takes this a step further by examining how to reduce the emissions associated...

Want cheaper nuclear energy? Turn the design...

December 17, 2020

Nuclear energy provides more carbon-free electricity in the United States than solar and wind combined, making it a key player in the fight against climate change. But the U.S. nuclear fleet is aging, and operators are under pressure to streamline their operations to compete with coal- and gas-fired plants. One of the key places to cut costs is deep in the reactor core, where energy is produced. If the fuel rods that drive reactions there are ideally placed, they...

Method finds hidden warning signals in measurements...

December 17, 2020

When you’re responsible for a multimillion-dollar satellite hurtling through space at thousands of miles per hour, you want to be sure it’s running smoothly. And time series can help. A time series is simply a record of a measurement taken repeatedly over time. It can keep track of a system’s long-term trends and short-term blips. Examples include the infamous Covid-19 curve of new daily cases and the Keeling curve that has tracked atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations since 1958. In...

Can mammogram screening be more effective?

December 17, 2020

About 35 percent of women get annual mammograms from age 40 onward. But the value of those screenings has been much debated, because mammograms for people in their 40s catch relatively few cases of breast cancer, generate plenty of false positive results, and produce some cases of unnecessary treatment. Thus, while some organizations have advocated for testing to start at age 40, in 2009 the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommended that women start regular mammogram screening at age...

MIT to share in $3.2 million grant...

December 16, 2020

At the end of October, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts announced it won a $3.2 million, two-year grant, in collaboration with MIT, community colleges, and state agencies, to prepare workers for stable high-paying jobs in advanced manufacturing. The program, called MassBridge, will create a curriculum that bridges between the Commonwealth’s excellent traditional manufacturing education and the advanced manufacturing needs of today’s economy. Massachusetts will serve as a foundry and pilot for this curriculum, which can later be used by other...

James Fujimoto wins the Visionary Prize from...

December 16, 2020

On Dec. 14, the Sanford and Susan Greenberg Prize to End Blindness honored 13 scientists who have made extraordinary headway in the worldwide battle against blindness. Among them was James G. Fujimoto, the Elihu Thomson Professor of Electrical Engineering within MIT’s Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS). Recipients of the Greenberg Prize are honored in two categories: the Outstanding Achievement Prize, highlighting strides toward treating and curing blindness, and the Visionary Prize, providing funding for scientists whose research...

New type of atomic clock keeps time...

December 16, 2020

Atomic clocks are the most precise timekeepers in the world. These exquisite instruments use lasers to measure the vibrations of atoms, which oscillate at a constant frequency, like many microscopic pendulums swinging in sync. The best atomic clocks in the world keep time with such precision that, if they had been running since the beginning of the universe, they would only be off by about half a second today. Still, they could be even more precise. If atomic clocks...

Ultracold atoms reveal a new type of...

December 16, 2020

A new study illuminates surprising choreography among spinning atoms. In a paper appearing today in the journal Nature, researchers from MIT and Harvard University reveal how magnetic forces at the quantum, atomic scale affect how atoms orient their spins. In experiments with ultracold lithium atoms, the researchers observed different ways in which the spins of the atoms evolve. Like tippy ballerinas pirouetting back to upright positions, the spinning atoms return to an equilibrium orientation in a way that depends...

“My whole heart is in that job”

December 16, 2020

It was 9 p.m. on a Monday night during the spring of his first year at MIT. To Jack-William Barotta, this meant one thing — Physics Day. He had just taken on a tutoring role in the Office of Minority Education’s Talented Scholars Resource Room (TSR^2), and was sitting patiently in the classroom, waiting to tutor any students who arrived with questions. Eventually, a student came up to him frustrated with a problem set. Jack-William had never seen the...

Four astronauts with ties to MIT named...

December 15, 2020

On Dec. 9, NASA announced a group of 18 astronauts to form the newly-established Artemis team, including three alumni from the MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics and a former research fellow from the Whitehead Institute. Raja Chari SM ’01, Jasmin Moghbeli ’05, Warren “Woody” Hoburg ’08, and Kate Rubins will help tackle the preparations necessary for early moon missions to help establish a modern lunar exploration program. Under the Artemis program, NASA will land the first woman...

Evelyn Hu delivers 2020 Dresselhaus Lecture on...

December 15, 2020

Harvard University Professor Evelyn Hu opened the 2020 Mildred S. Dresselhaus Lecture with a question: In an imperfect world, is perfection a necessary precursor for transformative advances in science and engineering? Over the course of the next hour, for a virtual audience of nearly 300, the Tarr-Coyne Professor of Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering at the John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University argued that, at the nanoscale, there must be more creative ways...

Weathering the storm

December 15, 2020

Professors Colette Heald and Gene-Wei Li have been honored as “Committed to Caring” for crafting inclusive laboratory environments, as well as continually empowering their students. A hurdle like the Covid-19 pandemic can easily throw student well-being and research off-kilter. Having such caring advisors can help students persevere amid uncertainty. Colette Heald: an inspirational advocate Colette Heald is a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering as well as a professor of earth, atmospheric, and planetary sciences. Through...

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