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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

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Automating material-matching for movies and video games

December 10, 2020

Very few of us who play video games or watch computer-generated image-filled movies ever take the time to sit back and appreciate all the handiwork that make their graphics so thrilling and immersive. One key aspect of this is texture. The glossy pictures we see on our screens often appear seamlessly rendered, but they require huge amounts of work behind the scenes. When effects studios create scenes in computer-assisted design programs, they first 3D model all the objects that...

A better kind of cybersecurity strategy

December 10, 2020

During the opening ceremonies of the 2018 Winter Olympics, held in PyeongChang, South Korea, Russian hackers launched a cyberattack that disrupted television and internet systems at the games. The incident was resolved quickly, but because Russia used North Korean IP addresses for the attack, the source of the disruption was unclear in the event’s immediate aftermath. There is a lesson in that attack, and others like it, at a time when hostilities between countries increasingly occur online. In contrast...

Explained: Quantum engineering

December 10, 2020

Since the 1940s, classical computers have improved at breakneck speed. Today you can buy a wristwatch with more computing power than the state-of-the-art, room-sized computer from half a century ago. These advances have typically come through electrical engineers’ ability to fashion ever smaller transistors and circuits, and to pack them ever closer together. But that downsizing will eventually hit a physical limit — as computer electronics approach the atomic level, it will become impossible to control individual components without...

Q&A: Valencia Joyner Koomson ’98, MNG ’99...

December 9, 2020

Valencia Joyner Koomson ’98, MNG ’99 is a Visiting MLK Scholar in MIT’s Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Based at Tufts University, where she is an associate professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Koomson has focused her research on microelectronic systems for cell analysis and biomedical applications. Here, she shares more about her work and the future of her field. Q: What big question does your research seek to answer? Put another way, what...

Discovery suggests new promise for nonsilicon computer...

December 9, 2020

For decades, one material has so dominated the production of computer chips and transistors that the tech capital of the world — Silicon Valley — bears its name. But silicon’s reign may not last forever. MIT researchers have found that an alloy called InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) could hold the potential for smaller and more energy efficient transistors. Previously, researchers thought that the performance of InGaAs transistors deteriorated at small scales. But the new study shows this apparent deterioration...

MIT labs win top recognition for sustainable...

December 8, 2020

In its fourth year, the International Institute for Sustainable Laboratories (I2SL) International Laboratory Freezer Challenge drew 218 laboratory participants from around the world, from 88 research institutions. Three MIT laboratories participated in the challenge: the Department of Biology’s Barbara Imperiali Lab, Department of Biological Engineering’s Jacquin Niles Lab, and Department of Biology/Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research’s David Sabatini Lab. MIT and the Whitehead Institute together received the Top Academic Organization Award. The Niles lab and the Imperiali lab are...

MISTI pilots conversations in energy

December 8, 2020

While fall typically sees MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI) programs gearing up to facilitate international summer internship and research experiences for MIT students, this year’s changing global circumstances presented challenges to making in-country internships happen — but they also offered new opportunities for students to engage with organizations and leaders overseas. Combining MISTI’s network of hosts, students’ interests in energy, the broader energy community at MIT, and the ease of connecting internationally via remote platforms, the inaugural...

Seeing the values behind the numbers

December 8, 2020

In the early decades of the 20th century, city officials in the U.S. began collecting data like they never had before. In St. Louis, starting around 1915, planners fanned out across the city and obtained detailed information about the use and ownership of every property standing. From this, the city developed its first systematic planning and zoning policies. Some neighborhoods were designated for new industrial and manufacturing use, with nightclubs, liquor stores, and various less desirable businesses tossed in....

Exploring pandemic response through a coded simulation

December 7, 2020

When MIT seniors Therese Mills (mathematics) and Tuyet Pham (electrical engineering and computer science) started working together in late spring 2020, they were just settling into post-pandemic routines. In March, MIT had sent most students home due to Covid-19, and all nonessential faculty and staff were working remotely. Suddenly, the terrain of higher ed looked very different, and the path ahead uncertain. Like many, Mills and Pham wondered what their summer might look like in this new virtual world. ...

Field geology at a distance

December 7, 2020

Life is shaped by the environment in which it lives. When looking at an organism today, that relationship can be easily observed. But when all you’re left with is a fossil or rock, it can be tricky to identify the environment in which it formed, let alone the life forms that might have left their mark in that sample. Geobiologist Tanja Bosak now faces additional challenges as she searches for signs of early life on Mars. “Mars is different....

Two MIT seniors named 2021 Marshall Scholars

December 7, 2020

Katherine “Katie” Collins and Marla Evelyn Odell have been awarded Marshall Scholarships and will begin graduate studies in the United Kingdom. next fall. The MIT seniors were selected through a rigorous national process that evaluates applicants on the basis of academic merit, leadership, and ambassadorial potential. Funded by the British government, the Marshall Scholarship provides exceptional American students with the opportunity to pursue two years of advanced study in any field at any university in the U.K. Up to...

Four MIT students awarded 2022 Schwarzman Scholarships

December 7, 2020

Three MIT seniors, Alice Ho, Francesca Macchiavello Cauvi, and Ava Waitz, and doctoral student Lucio Milanese have been awarded 2022 Schwarzman Scholarships. They will begin their program at Tsinghua University in Beijing next August. For their one-year master’s program in global affairs, Schwarzman Scholars receive instruction by renowned international faculty, with frequent guest lectures from global thought leaders. Leadership training, internships, mentorship, career development, and travel throughout China are also emphasized. The mission of the Schwarzman Scholar program is...

When playing favorites can hurt growth

December 7, 2020

In recent decades China has built over 1,400 large industrial parks, a massive investment accounting for over 40 percent of the country’s manufacturing jobs. However, some of these projects are more successful than others. Now, a study co-authored by an MIT professor suggests that some industrial parks appear to have been developed due to networks of political ties — and those parks distinctly underperform their counterparts. The finding adds nuance and detail to the big-picture story of China’s explosive...

Saurabh Amin: Striving to make our infrastructure...

December 6, 2020

Early on in his studies, starting in India and then in the U.S., Saurabh Amin became fascinated by bringing principles from mathematical systems theory to bear on the real-world systems that we all rely on — in particular, transportation, electricity, and water infrastructure — and how to make them more resilient. As the types of disruptions facing these systems, from natural disasters to security attacks, become more frequent and diverse, a proactive approach to monitoring and controlling these systems...

Professor Emerita Judith Jarvis Thomson, highly influential...

December 4, 2020

Professor Emerita Judith Jarvis Thomson, a philosopher of morality and metaphysics, died on Nov. 20 at her home in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She was 91. Thomson transformed the philosophical discussion of abortion with her 1971 article “A Defense of Abortion” and devised the standard form of the “trolley problem.” Thomson was a faculty member at MIT for 40 years, retiring in 2004. She remained active in philosophy at MIT, writing articles and advising graduate students, until her death. Role model...

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