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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

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Researchers improve efficiency of next-generation solar cell...

February 24, 2021

Perovskites are a leading candidate for eventually replacing silicon as the material of choice for solar panels. They offer the potential for low-cost, low-temperature manufacturing of ultrathin, lightweight flexible cells, but so far their efficiency at converting sunlight to electricity has lagged behind that of silicon and some other alternatives. Now, a new approach to the design of perovskite cells has pushed the material to match or exceed the efficiency of today’s typical silicon cell, which generally ranges from...

Q&A: Ceasar McDowell on better public conversation

February 24, 2021

Last year leaders in Poughkeepsie, New York, started the Children’s Cabinet, an organization aimed at bolstering cradle-to-career services and support for the city’s kids. With a wide-ranging agenda, they wanted to figure out how to reach the community for input — and worked with Ceasar McDowell, professor of the practice of civic design and associate head of MIT’s Department of Urban Studies and Planning (DUSP). McDowell is an expert in designing public conversations and leads We Who Engage MIT,...

Data transfer system connects silicon chips with...

February 24, 2021

Researchers have developed a data transfer system that can transmit information 10 times faster than a USB. The new link pairs high-frequency silicon chips with a polymer cable as thin a strand of hair. The system may one day boost energy efficiency in data centers and lighten the loads of electronics-rich spacecraft. The research was presented at this month’s IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. The lead author is Jack Holloway ’03, MNG ’04, who completed his PhD in MIT’s...

Fight or flight? Why individuals react as...

February 23, 2021

Why do some people fight and others flee when confronting violence? “This question has been bothering me for quite some time,” says Aidan Milliff, a fifth-year doctoral student who entered political science to explore the strategic choices people make in perilous times. “We’ve learned a great deal how economic status, identity, and pressure from community shape decisions people make while under threat,” says Milliff. Early in his studies, he took particular interest in scholarship linking economic deprivation to engagement...

Q&A: Clare Balboni on environmental economics

February 23, 2021

In an ongoing series, Solving Climate: Humanistic Perspectives from MIT, faculty, students, and alumni in the Institute’s humanistic fields share scholarship and insights that are significant for solving climate change and mitigating its myriad social and ecological impacts. Clare Balboni is the 3M Career Development Assistant Professor of Environmental Economics at MIT and an affiliate of MIT’s Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research. Her research centers on environmental economics, trade, and development economics. In this Q&A with MIT...

Improving sanitation for the world’s most vulnerable...

February 23, 2021

Last year, women visiting a neonatal clinic at a hospital in Kiboga, Uganda, began using two waterless, standalone bathrooms that offered a cleaner and more private alternative to the pit latrines that are standard in the region. The deployment was the culmination of years of work by the startup change:WATER Labs, co-founded by two MIT research scientists — and its success showed the company’s potential to improve lives far beyond Uganda. Half of the world’s population lacks access to...

Building a more diverse, global, lifelong learning...

February 22, 2021

Although the impact of Covid-19 on undergraduate- and graduate-level education has been examined in some depth, its effect on professionals seeking to bolster their knowledge and skills has probably not been looked at as closely. Over the past year, professionals around the world were forced to pivot to remote work or, in many cases, they lost jobs due to the adverse economic effects of the pandemic. In response, many took advantage of this unusual time to build, enhance, or...

Amy Jin named 2021 Gates Cambridge Scholar

February 22, 2021

MIT senior Amy Jin has won the prestigious Gates Cambridge Scholarship, which offers students an opportunity to pursue graduate study in the field of their choice at the University of Cambridge in the UK. Jin will join the other 23 U.S. citizens in being members of the 20th class of scholars. Jin, from Pleasanton, California, is completing double majors in biological engineering and electrical engineering and computer science. During her time volunteering as an aquarist at the New England...

Study: Covid-19 communications featuring racially diverse physicians...

February 22, 2021

In a new study by MIT professors Esther Duflo, Ben Olken, and Abhijit Banerjee, and physicians Marcella Alsan and Fatima Cody Stanford, along with other doctors and economists, public health video messages featuring a racially diverse set of physicians were found to decrease knowledge gaps about Covid-19 symptoms and transmission — generating important lessons about how we communicate about, and work to mitigate the effects of, the virus. Study results also indicated that, for Black individuals, watching a video...

New “metalens” shifts focus without tilting or...

February 22, 2021

Polished glass has been at the center of imaging systems for centuries. Their precise curvature enables lenses to focus light and produce sharp images, whether the object in view is a single cell, the page of a book, or a far-off galaxy. Changing focus to see clearly at all these scales typically requires physically moving a lens, by tilting, sliding, or otherwise shifting the lens, usually with the help of mechanical parts that add to the bulk of microscopes...

Researchers develop speedier network analysis for a...

February 22, 2021

Graphs — data structures that show the relationship among objects — are highly versatile. It’s easy to imagine a graph depicting a social media network’s web of connections. But graphs are also used in programs as diverse as content recommendation (what to watch next on Netflix?) and navigation (what’s the quickest route to the beach?). As Ajay Brahmakshatriya summarizes: “graphs are basically everywhere.” Brahmakshatriya has developed software to more efficiently run graph applications on a wider range of computer...

Giving the people what they want?

February 21, 2021

At times it can feel like public opinion does not matter in U.S. politics. When the U.S. Congress or state legislatures ignore issues that have broad public support, there seems to be a glaring gap between what people want and what politicians will deliver. But in due course, public opinion does sway elected officials, according to MIT political scientist Devin Caughey. Indeed, Caughey’s work has shown that at the state level in the U.S. over the last several decades,...

3 Questions: Ian Waitz and Blanche Staton...

February 19, 2021

One of the cornerstones of the Office of the Vice Chancellor’s (OVC) mission is improving the graduate student experience at MIT. Since it was established in 2017, OVC has continued to move forward with programs and initiatives focused on alleviating financial insecurity, supporting graduate families, enhancing advising, augmenting professional development, and other key issues — even amid the disruption of the past year. Here, Ian A. Waitz, vice chancellor for undergraduate and graduate education, and Blanche Staton, senior associate...

Stefanie Mueller changes everything: A hands-on class...

February 19, 2021

When Professor Stefanie Mueller needed to adapt her laboratory class to the Covid-19 pandemic, she was initially overwhelmed by the amount of work that would need to be done. That’s because Mueller’s hands-on building and fabrication class, 6.810 (Engineering Interactive Technologies), is entirely about the ways that humans interact with technology in the physical world. As it turns out, however, technology held some surprises — even for Mueller. “At the beginning, I thought it would be so much work...

Eight from MIT named 2021 Sloan Research...

February 19, 2021

The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation announced Feb. 16 that it has awarded Sloan Research Fellowships to eight MIT professors in the MIT Media Lab and in the departments of Biology, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Mathematics. The fellowships, which honor pre-tenure faculty members, will support their research with two-year, $75,000 awards. “The Sloan Research Fellowship Program recognizes and rewards outstanding early-career faculty who have the potential to revolutionize their fields of study,”...

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