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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

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Shafi Goldwasser wins L'Oréal-UNESCO Award

February 12, 2021

Shafi Goldwasser, the RSA Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at MIT, a co-leader of the cryptography and information security group, and a member of the complexity theory group within the Theory of Computation Group and the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, has been named the laureate for North America in this year’s 2021 L’Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science International Awards. The award celebrates Goldwasser’s groundbreaking work in cryptography, which has enabled secure communication and verification over the...

Visiting undergraduates collaborate with MIT PhD students...

February 12, 2021

How can the structure of academia be changed to make it more equitable? This question was posed by an audience member at a December 2020 panel discussion on systemic racism in higher education hosted by the MIT Communications Forum and co-sponsored by Radius at MIT and the MIT Governance Lab (MIT GOV/LAB). Harvard University computer scientist Professor James Mickens emphasized the importance of mentorship in helping people navigate a field in which knowing the right people and knowing how...

Developing a picture of France

February 12, 2021

In the late 1940s, famed French photojournalist Henri Cartier-Bresson documented the last days of China’s Nationalist government, before Mao Tse-Tung and the communists seized power. True to form, Cartier-Bresson produced striking images of a dramatic historical moment — such as a crowd desperately packed together outside a Shanghai bank, and a group of Nationalist military recruits in Beijing’s Forbidden City. In a sense, Cartier-Bresson could take those photos because he was French. The U.S. had strongly supported the Nationalists...

Ijeoma Oluo: “What we are fighting for...

February 11, 2021

In a moving and deeply personal address at MIT’s annual celebration of the life and legacy of Martin Luther King Jr., bestselling author and speaker Ijeoma Oluo described her journey toward a life’s work focused on issues of racial equity and justice. She urged the audience to go beyond merely working to remove the most overt manifestations of racial injustice, and toward a full rethinking of social, educational, and work structures that limit the full expression of people’s identity....

RAND study finds significant social and economic...

February 11, 2021

Inventors who received the prestigious Lemelson-MIT Prize have had significant impacts on our society, economy, and culture, creating new products, companies, and, in some cases, entirely new industries, according to a new RAND Corporation study released today. “Measuring the Value of Invention,” commissioned by the Lemelson-MIT Program and The Lemelson Foundation, cited significant contributions by the 26 recipients in areas such as biotechnology, pharmaceutical manufacturing, medical devices, computer technology, mobility devices, and energy storage systems. “Their inventions changed the...

Nanowire could provide a stable, easy-to-make superconducting...

February 11, 2021

Superconductors — materials that conduct electricity without resistance — are remarkable. They provide a macroscopic glimpse into quantum phenomena, which are usually observable only at the atomic level. Beyond their physical peculiarity, superconductors are also useful. They’re found in medical imaging, quantum computers, and cameras used with telescopes. But superconducting devices can be finicky. Often, they’re expensive to manufacture and prone to err from environmental noise. That could change, thanks to research from Karl Berggren’s group in the Department...

How shared partisanship leads to social media...

February 11, 2021

It is no secret that U.S. politics is polarized. An experiment conducted by MIT researchers now shows just how deeply political partisanship directly influences people’s behavior within online social networks. Deploying Twitter bots to help examine the online behavior of real people, the researchers found that the likelihood that individuals will follow other accounts on Twitter triples when there appears to be a common partisan bond involved. “When partisanship is matched, people are three times more likely to follow...

Valeria Robayo named a Reimagine Challenge winner

February 10, 2021

Valeria Robayo, a sophomore majoring in management and minoring in German, has been named one of 20 Reimagine Challenge winners for her proposal of a centralized mobile- and web-based service offering local community resources. Former Google CEO Eric Schmidt launched the Reimagine Challenge scholarship contest in August 2020. Contestants were challenged either to find community-based solutions related to the Covid-19 pandemic or to spark a movement to make the world “meaningfully better” in 10 years. The contest garnered 838...

Brewing up a dirty-water remedy (and more)...

February 10, 2021

Like many of his colleagues in the Department of Biological Engineering, graduate student Tzu-Chieh “Zijay” Tang employs microbes and synthetic biology — redesigning the genetic systems of organisms — in his research. However, his research goals are something of an outlier in his department: water quality applications. “I feel like there’s a huge imbalance of talent, at least at MIT,” says Tang, a fifth-year doctoral student. “A lot of people go into the biomedical field, and very few take...

Research updates from TESS: Hunting for worlds...

February 10, 2021

At the annual meeting of the American Astronomical Society (AAS) held last month, MIT researchers presented new data from programs such as the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). In a virtual-only format, scientists from the MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, the Department of Physics, and the MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research shared their findings, including using atmospheric characterization and machine learning tools and techniques to learn more about extrasolar planets. Beyond the sun...

Reductions in CFC-11 emissions put ozone recovery...

February 10, 2021

A potent ozone-depleting chemical whose emissions unexpectedly spiked in recent years has quickly dropped back to much lower levels, putting the recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer back on track, according to a new study by scientists at MIT, the University of Bristol, and other institutions in South Korea, the U.S., Japan, Australia, and Switzerland. The chemical in question is CFC-11, a chlorofluorocarbon that was once commonly used for refrigeration, insulation, and other purposes. When emitted to the atmosphere,...

A language learning system that pays attention...

February 10, 2021

Human language can be inefficient. Some words are vital. Others, expendable. Reread the first sentence of this story. Just two words, “language” and “inefficient,” convey almost the entire meaning of the sentence. The importance of key words underlies a popular new tool for natural language processing (NLP) by computers: the attention mechanism. When coded into a broader NLP algorithm, the attention mechanism homes in on key words rather than treating every word with equal importance. That yields better results...

Robert Weinberg receives 2021 Japan Prize

February 9, 2021

The Japan Prize Foundation has named MIT Professor Robert Weinberg as one of the recipients of its 2021 awards in the category of Medical Science and Medicinal Science, citing Weinberg’s contributions to the development of a multi-step model of how cancer begins and progresses, and the application of that model to improve cancer treatments and outcomes. Weinberg, along with co-recipient Bert Vogelstein of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, will receive his award in April at a presentation ceremony...

The sound of a global MIT

February 9, 2021

Every year MISTI generates thousands of stories. Students pack their bags and board planes heading anywhere from Beijing to Bogota. Their experiences are often life-changing; they engage in experiential learning opportunities with the world’s leading companies, organizations, and research groups. For MIT-Africa Program Managing Director Ari Jacobovits, capturing the voices behind these stories was critical. The answer was a relatively low-tech solution in the basement of Building 50. Initially a radio show hosted by Jacobovits on 88.1 FM...

George Shultz PhD ’49, renowned statesman and...

February 8, 2021

George P. Shultz PhD ’49, former U.S. secretary of labor, state, and of the treasury, died peacefully at his home on Feb. 6, at the age of 100. A champion of bipartisanship who for decades urged action on climate change, he leaves a rich legacy forged during more than 70 years of leadership in government, academia, and business. “A beloved teacher, a brilliant scholar, a visionary leader, a public servant of the highest integrity, and a relentless champion for...

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