To understand the massive capabilities and complexities of the brain, neuroscientists segment it into regions based on what they appear to do — such as processing what we sense, or how to move. What’s been lacking, however, is an ability to tie those functional maps precisely and consistently to matching distinctions of physical structure, especially in live animals while they are performing the functions of interest. In a new study, MIT researchers demonstrate a new way to do that, providing an unprecedented pairing of functional mapping in live mice with…