Malta’s geology is known for its layers of limestone that may contain many naturally-forming caves. This is because limestone is primarily composed of calcium carbonate that is relatively easily dissolved by groundwater passing through the rock. When an underground cave forms within a layer of limestone, water dripping through the cave may leave behind some of its dissolved calcium carbonate, and over time, this can lead to the formation of stalactites and stalagmites. Such a cave was found by chance in 1888 when Joseph Rapa was digging a well at…
